After the focus of research has been on the family name ZWIR T Z in its current diction, it is now time to expand the search to surnames with slighly changed spelling, which could be the result of single letters been either dropped, replaced or added. During the respective research, the following family names, where single letters may have „gone lost“, catch ones attention: ZWIRTZ ZWIRTZ ZWIRTZ The analysis of official documents soon revealed that, over generations, members of the ZWIR T Z families actually were carrying the surname ‚ZWIRZ‘, until the spelling was changed (back?) to todays‘ diction by adding the letter ‚T‘, either willingly by some of the decendants or probably accidently when being recorded by third parties. In this context, is is worth mentioning that today in the USA one can find some related families with the surname ‚ZWIRTZ‘, who, back in the European home country, used to spell their family name ‚ZWIRZ‘, but after emmigration added the letter ‚T‘ to facilitate pronunciation. Due to the fact that early sources have documented the family name ‚ZWIRTZ‘, but a family relationship to those bearers of the surname could not yet been verified, leaves the question unanswered, which of the both spellings ‚ZWIRTZ‘ oder ‚ZWIRZ‘ is actually the original one. Accordingly, on this homepage, whenever elaborations are refering to members of the ZWIR T Z families in general, the family name is always depicted with the letter ‚ T ‘ underlined. At this point, it also remains to note that the research related to bearers of the family names WIRTZ und WIRZ did not provide any indication of a possible family relationship.